Cloudstreet by Tim Winton :: essays research papers

Cloudstreet by Tim Winton"A texts setting and structure will unremarkably be used by writers to rise up and convey its themes."The young Cloudstreet, by Western Australian born novelist Tim Winton is essentially a story revolving around how devil rural families have eff to live together at number one Cloudstreet. This novels themes are about finding ones place in the world and the search for the meaning of animation. As in this instance, Winton has successfully used setting and structure, crucial factors in any prosperous novel to help create a feeling of a real-life type atmosphere and perspective. This essay will demonstrate how Winton has used setting and structure to help develop and convey his themes.The story follows the lives of the Pickle family and the Lamb family and how they have come to grow, develop, love and change over a period of twenty years, while living with to each one other. Unfortunately, both moves coincided with different family disasters. For t he Lambs, the unfortunate event takes place in the form of the near drowning of surface-to-air missileson, or as he is better cognise as Fish. While for the Pickles, it occurs with the loss of Sams (the fathers) fingers in a fishing accident. The reader can relate these events it to the biblical story of Samson, and how he gained his strength through his hair. Meaning that by losing some of their strengths, (like Samsons hair cut,) both Sams where able to gain new insights and opportunities. For Sam Pickles, this meant the move into the city from the outback, brought him his own home and a steady job at the mint. A rather large irony, as Sam is a compulsive gambler, more often than not short of cash. Although for Fish, losing his mental faculties and the ability to communicate to others, in his near drowning experience, gave way for his unimaginable bond with water and his abilities as a visionary. As Oriel Lamb said after Fish was rescued, "To the child who had hovered on the brink of drowning and who returned to life, though not all of Fish Lamb had come back," (found on Page 32) that other part of Fish Lamb it seems is the omniscient narrator of the novel. Spirituality is also important in Cloudstreet as it relates to the meaning of life and the exploration of community. We can see this in the opening lines of the novel "Shall we gather at the river Where bright angels feet have trod.

Analysis of Tony Kytes, the Arch Deceiver by Thomas Hardy Essays

Analysis of Tony Kytes, the Arch Deceiver by Thomas HardyThe story is nigh a man who is unsure about how he feels towards hisfianc.The attitude shown towards love by Tony shows that he is uncommitted.Tony is unsure about his feelings for Milly he is united with hisformer girlfriends whiz and Hannah. He then confuses himself aboutwho he wants to marry.He does not love the girls for their inner beauty but only for theirphysical appearance which is not counted as love this is shown by himsaying I never knowed you was so pretty before .Whereas millys attitude shown towards love is strong and committedshe feels that Tony is the perfect match and assumes that he feels thesame. Milly is engaged to Tony, but Hannah and Unity want to marry himtoo and try to ...

Oppression and Resistance in Jamaican Reggae and Afro-Brazilian Music A Comparative Study of Race in Music and Culture :: essays papers

Oppression and Resistance in Jamai fuck Reggae and Afro-Brazilian Music A Comparative reflect of Race in Music and CultureCultural expression frequently sets as a lens to the conditions, historical and contemporary, of a society. Film, music, and literature often serve as an extension of oral traditions and can provide us not only with a glimpse into history but can also sell with us the cultural impact of the past and give us a greater understanding of the present. In the countries of Brazil and Jamaica with similar histories of oppression, from slavery, to genocide, to crushing poverty and systemic racism, it is not surprising to see a similarity in the heightened consciousness in their music. Through analysis of the histories of Brazil and Jamaica, from slavery to the institutionalized systems of oppression, one can understand how such seemingly different musical traditions frequently share a common theme, resistance.a good part of the attraction of reggae music to its metropol itan audience is the anger and protest of the lyrics. We obviously face a contradiction between the message of urban poverty and protest which reggae conveys and that of pleasure and relaxation inhering in our holiday product.In short, when we promote reggae music we are promoting an aspect of Jamaican culture which is bound to draw attention to some of the harsher circumstances of our lives. -- Jamaica tourist Board Memorandum, October 10, 1975 (Davis and Simon, 1977, p. 1)Jamaican reggae is music of protest that carries an angry message of poverty. Listeners worldwide often simply enjoy the swaying upbeats and melodies of reggae while giving little thought to the grandness of the lyrics or the harsh circumstances that have given birth to the music. Similarly, the music of Brazil has been neglected. Musical prejudices commonly lead to the association of subtle rhythms and light, casual melodies with savourless music and not profound expression (Byrne, 1989, p. 2-3). However, the music of both cultures caries with them strong traditions of resistance. They both pay homage to their leaders and mythic figures and work to load down on in their tradition of resistance.The Maroon StatesIn contrast to the thirteen colonies which were to become the United States of America, which were colonized by settlers seeking a new deportment in the West, the majority of the new world colonies were established to be financial ventures based on the exploitation and exportation of natural resources and the running of massive plantations.

Free College Essays - Devon as a Microcosm in Knowles A Separate Peace

Devon as a Microcosm to the Outside World in A Separate Peace Welcome to a lower-ranking schooldays called Devon during the summer of 1942. At the beginning of the second World War, Devon is a quiet place with close friends and great memories, until one event brings the entire school into its own war. With the sense impression athlete having his leg accidentally broken by his best friend, Devon turns against itself into a war zone where nobody is safe. It all began with a childish game of jumping out of a tree into a river, a test of guts and will. All fun and games until that summer day when the star athlete is ready to jump out while his best friend follows him up the tree to jump next. The branch is shaken slightly, and suddenly the schools top athlete is lying on the ground with a broken leg. This event seems so small and feeble, but it will soon not provided tear a friendship apart, but the whole school, as well. &nbs...

Macbeths Images and Imagery :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

Macbeths Imagery William Shakespeare in the tragedy Macbeth very skillfully uses imagery to support other aspects of the drama, particularly the theme. In this essay let us examine the imagery, including literary critical comment. Roger Warren comments in Shakespeare Survey 30 , regarding Trervor Nunns direction of Macbeth at Stratford-upon-Avon in 1974-75, on opposing imagery used to support the opposing nonions of purity and black magic Much of the approach and detail was carried over, particularly the clash between ghostlike purity and black magic. Purity was embodied by Duncan, very infirm (in 1974 he was blind), dressed in white and accompanied by church reed organ music, set against the black magic of the witches, who even chanted Double, double to the Dies Irae. (283) L.C. Knights in the essay Macbeth explains the supporting role which imagery consorts in Macbeths descent into darkness To learn to the witches, it is suggested, is like eating the insane root, That t akes the reason prisoner (I.iii.84-5) for Macbeth, in the moment of temptation, function, or intellectual activity, is smotherd in surmise and everywhere the imagery of darkness suggests not only the absence or withdrawal of light but - light thickens - the presence of something positively oppressive and impeding. (101) In Fools of Time Studies in Shakespearean Tragedy, Northrop Frye shows how the playwright uses imagery to reinforce the theme This theme is at its clearest where we are most in sympathy with the nemesis. Thus at the end of Macbeth, after the proclamation the date is free, and of promises to make reparations of Macbeths tyranny Which would be planted newly with the time, there will be a renewal not only of time but of the entire rhythm of nature symbolized by the word measure, which includes both the music of the spheres and the dispensing of human justice . . .. (94-95) In his book, On the Design of Shakespearean Tragedy, H. S. Wilson interprets the imagery of Macbeth Macbeth is a play in which the poetic atmosphere is very important so important, indeed, that some recent commentators give the impression that this atmosphere, as created by the imagery of the play, is its determining quality. For those who cave in most attention to these powerful atmospheric suggestions, this is doubtless true. Mr. Kenneth Muir, in his introduction to the play

Macbeths Images and Imagery :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

Macbeths Imagery William Shakespeare in the tragedy Macbeth very skillfully uses imagery to support other aspects of the drama, peculiarly the theme. In this essay let us examine the imagery, including literary critical comment. Roger Warren comments in Shakespeare Survey 30 , regarding Trervor Nunns direction of Macbeth at Stratford-upon-Avon in 1974-75, on opposing imagery used to support the opposing notions of purity and black magic Much of the approach and detail was carried over, particularly the clash between religious purity and black magic. Purity was embodied by Duncan, very infirm (in 1974 he was blind), dressed in white and accompanied by church harmonium music, set against the black magic of the witches, who even chanted Double, double to the Dies Irae. (283) L.C. Knights in the essay Macbeth explains the supporting role which imagery persists in Macbeths descent into darkness To hear to the witches, it is suggested, is like eating the insane root, That takes t he reason prisoner (I.iii.84-5) for Macbeth, in the moment of temptation, function, or intellectual activity, is smotherd in surmise and everywhere the imagery of darkness suggests not only the absence or withdrawal of light but - light thickens - the presence of something positively oppressive and impeding. (101) In Fools of Time Studies in Shakespearean Tragedy, Northrop Frye shows how the dramatist uses imagery to reinforce the theme This theme is at its clearest where we are most in sympathy with the nemesis. Thus at the end of Macbeth, after the proclamation the period is free, and of promises to make reparations of Macbeths tyranny Which would be planted newly with the time, there will be a renewal not only of time but of the strong rhythm of nature symbolized by the word measure, which includes both the music of the spheres and the dispensing of human justice . . .. (94-95) In his book, On the Design of Shakespearean Tragedy, H. S. Wilson interprets the imagery of Macbet h Macbeth is a play in which the poetic atmosphere is very important so important, indeed, that some recent commentators give the impression that this atmosphere, as created by the imagery of the play, is its determining quality. For those who deport most attention to these powerful atmospheric suggestions, this is doubtless true. Mr. Kenneth Muir, in his introduction to the play

Benefits of Recycling in Your Organization

A strategical approach to cycle programme is required in post to gain out of recycling program. Whereas recycling program involves investment of finances for equipment, labor and marketing for resale of recycled products, although the raw material for recycling need not be purchased as it is available as waste. e. g. waste water, cars for recycling etc. , Potential gains of recycling program One of the biggest gain that can be derived from recycling program is the non-levy of taxes in terms of address as governments do not consider payment of taxes on recycled products.The second gain in terms of cost is a long-term investment in equipment/land to generate revenues from recycling program. e. g. recycling plant for waste water/land for preparing compost to sell as fertilizer etc. , Potential losses of recycling program One pre-emptive loss that is unpredictable could be from the competitors of recycled products who may pull a market share through low-price bidding in order to win contracts. The second loss that is predictable is the volatility in market basing on local conditions, which fluctuates the costs, revenues and services of recycled products. ConclusionThe reduce of costs in recycling program is in adopting an efficient system such as to use opportunities which reduces costs, jurisdictions that extend tax benefits and a provision for bargaining power and to use a cabal of resources. Also a constant watch over market conditions also result in gain / loss of a recycling program in an organization. References Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection (2005) Building Financially sustainable recycling programs Retrieved on 10 February, 2007 from http//www. dep. state. pa. us/dep/deputate/airwaste/wm/RECYCLE/document/Sust_Rpt/part_1. pdf

The Imporance of Parental Authority

The nature and purpose of maternal sureness is to direct and instruct towards achieving a good, as many philosophers ordain agree on. However, there are certain philosophers that differ on the rational consumption of maternal authority. Some will adhere to the notion that parental authority must be bounded to clean-living law, whereas others believe in the divine nature of parental authority. Nevertheless, most philosophers will agree that the correct use of parental authority for any family will dictate the success or failure in achieving the adjustst good for themselves.Both Allan Blooms The Clean Slate and Rabbi customary Lamms Traditional Jewish Family Values offer insight to the use, nature, and purpose of parental authority in the familys achievement of goodness. Rabbi Norman Lamm presents a simulate for parental authority in the traditional Jewish family. The father of a Jewish family is typically the source of authority for the family, but is not considered the absol ute authority. The use of the fathers authority is exercised as the absolute source, meaning there is no democratic debate between each member of the family to come to a decision.As Lamm notes, the degeneration of the contemporary Jewish family stems from authority figures not exercising proper discipline, letting the family slip into this liberal posture (726). The nature and purpose of parental authority is ultimately meant to direct the child to his or her truest good. However, it is false to believe that the father of this idealized family is acting alone in instructing children. The father, as Lamm writes, is not exclusively the visible and present focus of authoritybut he is also a symbol, the representative and refractor of a Higher Authority (728).There is, in this statement, a direct implication that the father is just the focus to an authority that is greater than himself, and in working with that divine authority will direct the child to his or her good. In order for th e family to achieve its constitutional goodness, the father must express his authority in relation with that which is greater than the family itself. The family, therefore, must be grounded and mutually act to the authority bestowed upon them by parents and divine power.Lamm paints a picture that parental authority is given to parents through the transcendent, and parents must bestow this awareness of authority upon their children as a way to develop them towards achieving good, thus starting a cycle in which these children will pass the same traditions of authority to their children. In conclusion, Lamm explains that achieving fundamental happiness for the family only comes through an awareness of the transcendent and adhering to that in the exercise of parental authority. Allan Bloom, in The Clean Slate, comments on the state of moral education in the sometime(prenominal) and how it has evolved in the new-fashioned day.The use of parental authority is essential to the moral de velopment of adolescents and young adults, according to Bloom. The family is meant to provide, above all else, a deep and enriching moral education, one that promotes and cultivates rational thinking in the service of a moral education. However, the achievement of this moral education draws similarities to the argument of Lamm, in that it is dependent upon a phantasmal commitment to ritual and tradition, while upholding and communicating the knowledge of great literary writings.An important distinction here is to note the importance Bloom places upon great books. He notes that the family must read these as they are a pathway to a timeless truth. These great books bestow upon the family something that modern media and culture cannot, a true view of the order of the whole of things as headspring as a sense of learning of the true nature of things. He writes, The family requires a certain authority and wisdom about the ways of the heavens and of men (57). Every member of the family , as a way to achieve a fundamental goodness, must be well versed in timeless teachings, rituals, and ceremonies.Bloom does point to several issues in our history as a nation that are having a direct shock on the nature and use of parental authority. If parental authority is meant to give children a deepening moral education and bring about goodness, how is it supposed to be that we can still achieve this with many technological distractions and a shift away from writings of revelation and truth? He comments that many parents in modern American families are moving away from the higher and more independent family life of their ancestors that provided a true moral education.Bloom believes that in order to gear up what the family has lost, it must start with providing a firm exercise of parental authority through the use of great literature, ritual and traditional, to achieve a sacred unity. The fundamental goodness of a family exists when it is cultivating an environment that present s to the young a vision of a moral cosmos and of the rewards and punishment of good and evil, otherwise the world system disenchanted with no fundamental truths. A disenchanted life awaits all that do not participate in the great revelations and epics that point us to the true natural vision of life, according to Bloom.

Delivering Learning and Development Activities Essay

The aim of the lesson plan (above) was to provide employees the knowledge and skills to draft a quality CV. Typically, employees be not familiar with how the recruitment process works, and are even less versed in drafting a CV. Many have not mat the need to apply for new roles in the past due to the security and comfort of the roles at that time. This was to a fault confirmed from the output of the CV Workshop Pre-Assessment that were move out and returned. The organisation has recognised this and has created a breeding programme to support the individuals. Lesson Plans 1 & 2 (above) are twohalf day academic sessions that touch employees an sagaciousness of the importance of the CV and how to create a quality draft. This is followed by the individuals line managers. A further two day covers interview techniques to complete the programme. Designing and delivering the session was all about the preparation. It was important to understand the audience and make it meaningful for th em showing what was in it for them. Understanding the concept of andragogy was an important factor in find out whether the sessions would be successful would the individuals behave like prisoners, passengers or participants? Would they have barriers to learning negativity in motivation and application? Individuals actually behaved liked participants which actually make the session more enjoyable. None of them (as captured in the pre-assessment forms) had any recent experience of paternity a CV, which made the session more relevant for them.The size of the way was sufficient to accommodate the number of delegates, and it made the breakout session more intimate. The facilities were sufficient to display the PowerPoint pack as well as accommodating engross of flipchart paper for the breakout session. They were asked to ensure mobile phones were switched off to prevent interruptions which break flow & concentration. Creating a positive environment in preparation and anticipation of prisoners, passengers or participants was essential. I set the scene by acknowledging and showing empathy that I understood that this is a difficult time for all of the delegates but that I was there to give them the tools and techniques to help them build a quality CV, which would ultimately help in finding a new role. I outlined what the aims and objectives were and how this session fit in with the remaining programme, to give individuals assurances that they were in professional hands.I underlined my credibility in delivering the session, having worked in recruitment in the past, as well as having recruited heavily as a line manager, therefore being well versed in knowing what a good CV looks like, having read and reviewed many over the years. I explained that wed cover off, as a group, what was currently known about writing CVs and by the end, the group would be able to differentiate between a good and poor CV, so they could visualise what the outcome would be. I introduced a b reakout session an activity to get them actively thinking and collaborating with each other, so they felt part of the solution and in control of their own destiny. This also worked well as an icebreaker. Ivegave them guidelines and techniques to use, and provided supporting material (CV Workshop hand-outs, Action Verbs hand-outs and a CV template) so they could use as references and tools after the session. Open questions were used to check understanding. Feedback was sought in two forms formative (CV Workshop Pre-Assessment) and summative (evaluation forms, promiscuous questions and homework to draft a CV).The pre-assessment was used to tailor the session, effectively being very explicit or spelling out each point of writing a CV. Questions were asked as feedback throughout to ensure delegates fully understood each point. Good responses were recognised and acknowledged, and corrective feedback was provided for incorrect responses. To improve my performance, I have reviewed the f eedback and will introduce a working example of what a good CV looks like. I will get each of the delegates to reiterate and share the key learning they would take away at the end of the session to help reinforce in their minds what they have learned and make it real for them. I will also make a bit more use of the room owning it by walking around to show authority and more importantly, observing more near (e.g. at the breakout session).

The Man to send Rain Clouds

The Man to Send Rain Clouds Leslie Mormon Silks wrote The Man to Send Rain Clouds in 1969. The bosh expound the death of an grey-haired Indian named polytetrafluoroethylene. During one point of the story Leon prepares Topsoils body for burial. Leon proceeds to paint Topsoils face yellow. In the Native American Culture the pretext yellow stands for mourning or death. polytetrafluoroethylene may be dead, but Silks presents him as a transitional character going through the three give exercise. Silks uses the three stage sour to demonstrate the importance of vying a full life and leaving a lasting impression upon the world.The first stage of the process is Separation. Separation is the character moving away into the unfamiliar. Teflon is literally, physically separated from his kinship group. In the beginning of the story Teflon is found dead in the sheep rank under a tree diagram. Teflon was an old shepherd who tended the sheep alone at night. Silks presents Teflon as a lonely, neglected, poor man. They found him under a long cottonwood tree. His Levi Jacket and pants were faded light blue so that he had been easy to find. The big cottonwood tree stood apart from a diminutive grove of winter bare cotton woods which grew in the wide, sandy arroyo.He had been dead for a day or more, and the sheep had wandered and scattered up and down the arroyo. Silks illustrates the tree as being isolated from the other trees because it parallels Topsoils separation from the others. The people stood close to each other with little clouds of steam puffing from their faces. The next stage of the process is transition. Transition is the character going through trials and tribulations that stimulates personal growth ND knowledge. Topsoils burial process is his Journey of change.Teflon went from being a weathered lively old man to being a fragile decomposing corpse. Topsoils fragility and age is illustrated when the young people dress him in his burial clothes. He looked s mall and shriveled, and later they spruced up him in the new shirt and pants he seemed more shrunken. They laid the bundle in the back of the pickup and covered it with a heavy tarpaulin before they started back to the pueblo The other characters do not even look at Teflon as a human anymore. Topsoils death transitioned other characters as well. But there he was, facing into a cold dry wind and squinting at the last sunlight ushery to bury a red wool blanket while the faces of his parishioners were in the shadow with the last warmth of the sun on their backs. Throughout the story the priest transitioned from religious to spiritual. Teflon taught the Father capital of Minnesota the importance of having a spiritual life. Teflon transition was physical and spiritual. The last stage of the process is reintegration. Reintegration is the character turning to the place where he started or a better place than where he started.Teflon returned to the earth from which he came from. They lowered the bundle into the ground, and they didnt bother to untie the stiff pieces of new rope that were bind around the ends of the blanket. In the King James Version of the bible it is stated in Genesis chapter thirteen verse nine, By the sweat of your brow you go away eat your food until you return to the ground, since from it you were taken for dust you are and to dust you will return. Teflon is returning from what he was made from. I believe that Silks wrote this story to show her readers that she believes life is short.I know life is short. I have seen many people die in my twenty years of life. After I read this short story I went to visit my moms grave. It seems that after you die no one remembers you. I wandered through the older part of the cemetery fixing headstones. So many were turned over, broken and abandoned. I wondered where the deceases loved one was. The optimism in me wants to believe that I will leave a lasting impression on the world around me. In reality I will probably die and be ergot as soon as my casket move the bottom of my grave Just like Teflon.I think that Silks is trying to inspire her readers to live fully because one day it will all be over. I want to leave this world a better place. Also another question is, Can someone give a greater gift from the beyond then from life itself? Im sure the rain did come and replenish the crops so that the Indians had plenty of food and agriculture to sell. Teflon gave a greater gift to his tribe then what he would have been able to give them during life. Teflon also gave Father Paul the gift of Spiritual learning.After watching the burial Father Paul realized that religion isnt the only thing in life. Father Paul expanded his view on death and life after death because of Teflon. Teflon gave everyone a greater gift then what was expected. The Man to Send Rain Clouds shows readers how life after death really is. At one point or another everyone ponders how the world is going to react in response their death. I think everyone should read this story because it really changes ones perspective about death after life. The Man to Send Rain Clouds will motivate and fresh you outlook on life.After reading this a reader will respond to life in a more conscientious way. This story could improve the quality of our world if it was well- known. The Man to Send Rain Clouds is an inspiring tale of death.

Voucher Threat

A popular topic in education reform is the impact school vouchers forget have on Americas public education. Public education is at a serious threat do to the debate over education vouchers. School vouchers will redirect the flow of education funding, channeling it directly to individual families rather than to school territorial dominions. This will result in less government funding going towards up(p) public schools, lowering class sizes, and purchasing supplies and may eventually cause the downfall of public education all together.The bits of school vouchers go beyond the schoolroom and are borderline unconstitutional. The idea of public funds being spent on backstage schools raises issues in its self. Public funds being spent on private religious schooling will raise interesting questions about the separation between church and state. Most nonpublic schools in America amend now are run by religious organizations. Is it even constitutional for tax money to be spent religiou s schooling?One of the closely widely believed untruths about school vouchers is that it will allow poor inner city kids to have more opportunities to go to private schools, however compelling this logical argument may seem the truth of the matter is that vouchers will siphon the money out of the cities public schools causing the children whose parents still cant afford the subsidized cultivation of these pricey private schools to receive an inferior education and create a large underclass of students who are trapped in a public school without enough resources to receive a quality education.The fact of the matter is that school vouchers will create a competitive market in the education subject area causing the strongly funded private schools to thrive while the public schools that this country was built on to slowly deteriorate in quality due to less tax dollars being spent on the resources needed for public education to succeed. The action I would like to see the government ta ke on this issue is to focus more attention on improving public education, instead of the redirecting of taxpayers money to private education.The choice is clear if more attention was situated on creating a better learning environment in our public schools all children could benefit not just those who can afford subsidized private schools. Instead of offering an alternative to ineffective unsafe public schools why not focus our attention on improving those schools. Taking money remote from already troubled public school systems without offering any solutions to the existing problems is bound to create a downward spiral in the already parlous public school systems.The low impact approach I would take on this matter is to set up rallies especially in those areas where the vouchers would have the largest interdict impact. Those areas being the troubled school systems of the inner cities. I would get forty or fifty people together to go to their local or district office and talk wit h their senator or state rep. I would start up a web page acheing my issue with links to advocacy groups and tuition that take a similar stand on the issue of school vouchers.In the web site I would also include a prefab letter condoneing the negative effects of school vouchers that viewers could download, sign and send to there local or state representative to help support my issue. moreover I would write to the editors of my local newspapers and explain my stand on the issue in a small column that would reach many potential voters. As an attempt to get some free media attention while spreading the word of my issue I would hold a public forum on vouchers and have the local news cover it.The forum would inform citizens how they can get involved. I would hold the forum in a local schools lycee and try to get some influential speakers who support my issue in hopes to gain more supporters who will take action against school vouchers. In a high impact manner I would use an entirely different approach. Supposing I had a year off from life and 100,000 dollars to contribute to the fight against vouchers I would start by getting national attention.I would try to team up with some key officials in congress who take the same stead as I do. I would try to hold a national rally against vouchers. As an attempt to gain wide range publicity I would set up a web site for volunteer support effort. I would use the web site to keep my supporters updated on rallies and protests supporting my cause. I would set up a national call in day via the web where I get membership of the site to call into congress and support our stand on the issues.I would help raise money by holding rallies and support groups for members of congress and other political leaders who are zip for office and who support my issue. As would organize bus trips from inner cities around the country to Washington D. C. so that constituents could go to the members of congress that represent their district and e xplain to the congressmen their concerns with vouchers. All of these things would help to raise concern over school vouchers and hopefully have an effect on votes when the issue comes up in legislation.

Comparison/Contrast Essay Eng101

Name Professor ENG 101 November , 2012 British PSA is the best choice Although both the British PSA and the AT&T PSA use the fear of injury and death to discourage texting while driving, the British PSA is more powerful than the AT&T PSA because it focuses on the details of the injury and death during the accident. Both the British PSA and the AT&T PSA specify the life changing and life ending consequences that can occur when a person chooses to text while driving.The British PSA heads a ruinous multi-car crash that occurs because the texting driver crosses the centerline and hits another car head-on only due to the fact that she and her teenage passengers were distracted by a text message on her cell phone. Likewise, the AT&T PSA shows several different people whose lives have been destroyed by tragic car accidents (involving injury or death) caused by texting while driving.Both videos show the devastating effects that texting while driving can have on the texting driver and o ther innocent people, but the British PSA is the more effective video. The AT&T PSA shows three separate plot lines of people who have been affected by injury and/or death because of texting while driving. The 1st plot line is about a teenage girl who died a year earlier when she was texting while driving. The story has a policeman describing the accident scene and the victims family and friends describing their loss.The 2nd storyline is about a teenage boy who killed a man on a bicycle when he was texting while driving. The 3rd storyline shows a mentally and physically disabled young man who became disabled from a car accident in which he was texting while driving. These 3 storylines select out strong feelings in the audience of compassion for the loved ones, sadness for the injured, and concern that something like this could happen to you or your loved ones.However, this video does not show any details of the actual accident, therefore making it difficult for the viewer to imagin e this all came from undecomposed a simple text message. In contrast, The British PSA clip uses a dramatic approach by showing the details of a full-fledge highway multi-car accident. The clip shows the terrifying effects of a deadly head-on collision in slow motion. Immediately after the head-on collision, the car with the 3 teenage girls gets broad-sided (T-boned) by a third car travelling at a high rate of speed.It provides a bloody and graphic example of the devastating effects that texting while driving can bring and strives to elicit staying off cell phones while operating a vehicle by depicting an event that the audience would never want to live through. Instead of just showing the aftermath or the long term effects of the accident, The British PSA uses an approach to shock the audience and literally scare them from ever absent to text while driving by showing the injury and death of several people involved.The British PSA is more effective than the AT&T PSA because it al lows the audience to witness the horrible details of a car accident instead of just hearing about the aftermath several months later. workings Cited AT&T Dont Text While Driving Documentary. (2010). Retrieved November 22, 2012 from http//www. youtube. com/watch? v=DebhWD6ljZs. PSA Texting While Driving U. K. Ad. (2009). Retrieved November 22, 2012 from http//www. youtube. com/watch? v=R0LCmStIw9E.

Addmaths

ADDITIONAL maths PROJECT WORK 2/2012 INDEX NUMBER NAME Lio Xing Ying Class 5I I. C. No950818-13-6166 School SMK Marudi instructorMiss Tie Yien Mee Teachers signature CONTENT CHAPTERS TITLES PAGES 1 CONTENT 2 2 APPRECIATION 4 3 OBJECTIVES 6 4 INTRODUCTION 8 5 PART A 11 6 PART B 15 7 PART C 19 8 PART D 24 9 FURTHER EXPLORATION 26 10 CONCLUSION 28 11 REFLECTION 30 APPRECIATION First of all, I would like to give thanks God for full-grown us energy, strength and health to carry fall step up this project work. Next, I would like to thank our tutor for giving us the chance to create this project work.School alike provides me the space to discuss and carry out this project work. Not forgetting my beloved p argonnts who provided everything needed in this project work, such as currency, Internet, books, computer and so on. They contribute their conviction and aliveness on sharing their experience with me. Their support may raise the spirit in me to do this project work smoothly. Af ter that, I would like to thank our Additional math teacher, Miss Tie Yien Mee for guiding me throughout this project. When I face some difficulties on doing tasks, she ordain turn up her best to teach me patiently until I wee-wee done the project work.Then, I would like to thank the proprietor of the shop who was volitioning to sh ar their experience on business activity and the experience on manner of speaking money with me. Lastly, I would like to thank my classmates who shargond motifs and providing some helps on solving problems. We help each other until we finished this project work. OBJECTIVES All of our students in 5I are required to carry out an Additional Mathematics barf Work during mid-term holiday. This project is done individually. Upon completion of the Additional Mathematics Project Work, I gain valuable experiences and able to * Solve routine and non-routine problems. Improve thinking skills. * Knowledge and skills are applied in meaningful ways in solving r eal-life problems. * Expressing ones mathematical thinking, reasoning and communication are highly encouraged and expected. * Stimulates and enhances effective learning. * Acquire effective mathematical communication through oral and piece and to use the language of mathematics to express mathematical ideas correctly and precisely. * Enhance acquisition of mathematical intimacy and skills through problem-solving in ways that outgrowth kindle group and confidence. Prepare ourselves for the demand of our future undertakings and in workplace. * come across that mathematics is an important and properly tool in solving real-life problems and hence develop positive billet towards mathematics. * Train ourselves not entirely to be indep exterminateent learners but as well to collabo site, to cooperate, and to share knowledge in an engaging and healthy environment. * Use technology especially the ICT appropriately and effectively. * Train ourselves to appreciate the intrinsic dete rmine of mathematics and to become more creative and innovative. Realize the importance and the beauty of mathematics. INTRODUCTION INDEX An proponent number is a percentage ratio of determines, quantities or values comparing two time designs or two points in time. The time period that serves as a basis for the equation is called the base period and the period that is compared to the base period is called the prone or current period. A price top executive measures the assortment in the money value of an item (or assort of items) everyplace time whereas a quantity magnate measures the non-monetary value of an item (or a group of items) over time.An tycoon number that represents a percentage equation of the number of cars sold in a given month as compared with that of a base month is a quantity index. A price index represents a comparison of prices between two time periods and, finally, a value index is one that represents a comparison of the total value of production or sales in two time periods without regard to whether the detect difference is a result of differences in quantity, price or both. Index numbers are also differentiated according to the number of commodities or products included in the comparison.A simple index, also know as a relative, is a comparison involving only one item but an index whose weighing is based on several items is known as an aggregate or composite index. A very known example of a composite index is the Retail Prices Index (RPI), which measures the changes in costs in the items of outlay of the average household. Ineconomicsandfinance, an index is a statistical measure of changes in a representative group of individual info points. These data may be derived from any number of sources, including company performance, prices, productivity, and employment.Economic indices (index, plural) track economic health from different perspectives. powerful global financial indices such as theGlobal Dow, and the NASDAQ Comp ositetrack the performance of selected large and powerful companies in order to evaluate and predict economic trends. TheDow Jones Industrial Averageand theS&P ergocalciferolprimarily track U. S. markets, though some legacy international companies are included. The Con meaningerPrice Indextracks the random variable in prices for different consumer goods and assists over time in a constant geographical location, and is underlying to calculations used to djust salaries, bond disport rates, and tax thresholds for inflation. The GDP DeflatorIndex, or real GDP, measures the level of prices of all new, domestically produced, final goods and services in an economy. Market performance indices include thelabour market index / clientele indexand proprietarystock market indexinvestment instruments offered bybrokerage houses. Some indices ostentation market variations that cannot be captured in other ways. For example, theEconomistprovides aBig Mac Index that expresses the alter cost of a globally ubiquitous Big Mac as a percentage over or under the cost of a Big Mac in the U.S. with a U. S. dollar (estimated $3. 57). Norway prices radiate most relatively expensive Big Mac, at an 84% increase over U. S. prices, or $6. 5725 U. S. The least relatively expensive Big Mac price occurs in Hong Kong, at a 52% decrement from U. S. prices, or $1. 71 U. S. The Big Mac index is used to predict currency values. From this example, it would be take for granted that Hong Kong currency is undervalued, and provides a currency investment opportunity. An index number is a percentage ratio of prices, quantities or values comparing two time periods or two points in time.The time period that serves as a basis for the comparison is called the base period and the period that is compared to the base period is called the given or current period. A price index measures the change in the money value of an item (or group of items) over time whereas a quantity index measures the non-monetary value of an item (or a group of items) over time. An index number that represents a percentage comparison of the number of cars sold in a given month as compared with that of a base month is a quantity index.A price index represents a comparison of prices between two time periods and, finally, a value index is one that represents a comparison of the total value of production or sales in two time periods without regard to whether the observed difference is a result of differences in quantity, price or both. Index numbers are also differentiated according to the number of commodities or products included in the comparison. A simple index, also known as a relative, is a comparison involving only one item but an index whose calculation is based on several items is known as an aggregate or composite index.A very famous example of a composite index is the Retail Prices Index (RPI), which measures the changes in costs in the items of expenditure of the average household. PART A The nurtu re concerted in one of the schools in your area make a profit of RM 50000 in the year 2011. The joint plans to keep the money in a frozen(p) deposit bet in a bank for one year. The interest collected at the end of this period allow be the poor students in the school. As a member of Board of Cooperative you are to find the total interest which can be collected from different banks.Given below are the interest rates offered by 3 different banks Bank A, Bank B and Bank C. You are to calculate the interest that can be obligeed based on the given rates, if the money is to be unploughed in the bank for a period of one year for monthly elevator car renewable, three months railroad car renewable, six months automobile renewable and twelve months auto renewable without withdrawal. Compare and discuss which bank will you choose and explain why. PERIOD BANK A (% p. a. ) BANK B (% p. a. ) BANK C (% p. a. ) 1 MONTH 3. 10 3. 00 3. 00 2 MONTH 3. 10 3. 00 3. 00 3 MONTH 3. 15 3. 5 3. 05 4 MONTH 3. 15 3. 05 3. 05 5 MONTH 3. 15 3. 10 3. 05 6 MONTH 3. 20 3. 10 3. 10 7 MONTH 3. 20 3. 10 3. 10 8 MONTH 3. 20 3. 10 3. 10 9 MONTH 3. 20 3. 10 3. 10 10 MONTH 3. 20 3. 10 3. 10 11 MONTH 3. 20 3. 10 3. 10 12 MONTH 3. 25 3. 15 3. 20 issue by Geometric Progression Solution Tn = arn1 r = Tn+1Tn a = 50 000 BANK A * Monthly auto renewable r = century + 3. 10 atomic number 6 = 103. 10100 = 1. 0310 T13 = 50 000 x 1. 031013-1 = 50 000 x 1. 031012 = 72 123. 03397 = 72 123. 00 * common chord months auto renewable r = 100 + 3. 15100 = 103. 15100 = 1. 0315T5 = 50 000 x 1. 03155-1 = 50 000 x 1. 03154 = 56 603. 9754 = 56 604. 00 * Six months auto renewable r = 100 + 3. 20 100 = 103. 20100 = 1. 0320 T3 = 50 000 x 1. 03203-1 = 50 000 x 1. 03202 = 53 251. 20 * Twelve months without withdrawal r = 100 + 3. 25100 = 103. 25100 = 1. 0325 T2 = 50 000 x 1. 03252-1 = 50 000 x 1. 03251 = 51 625. 00 Bank B * Monthly auto renewable r = 100 + 3. 00100 = 103. 00100 = 1. 0300 T13 = 50 000 x 1. 030013-1 = 50 000 x 1. 030012 = 71 288. 04434 = 71 288. 00 * Three months auto renewable r = 100 + 3. 05100 = 103. 15100 = 1. 0315 T5 = 50 000 x 1. 03055-1 50 000 x 1. 03054 = 56 384. 79279 = 56 384. 80 * Six months auto renewable r = 100 + 3. 10 100 = 103. 10100 = 1. 0310 T3 = 50 000 x 1. 03103-1 = 50 000 x 1. 03102 = 53 148. 05 = 53 148. 00 * Twelve months without withdrawal r = 100 + 3. 15100 = 103. 15100 = 1. 0325 T2 = 50 000 x 1. 03152-1 = 50 000 x 1. 03151 = 51 575. 00 BANK C * Monthly auto renewable r = 100 + 3. 00100 = 103. 00100 = 1. 0300 T13 = 50 000 x 1. 030013-1 = 50 000 x 1. 030012 = 71 288. 04434 = 71 288. 00 * Three months auto renewable r = 100 + 3. 05100 = 103. 05100 = 1. 0305 T5 = 50 000 x 1. 03055-1 = 50 000 x 1. 3054 = 56 384. 79279 = 56 384. 80 * Six months auto renewable r = 100 + 3. 10 100 = 103. 10100 = 1. 0310 T3 = 50 000 x 1. 03103-1 = 50 000 x 1. 03102 = 53 148. 05 = 53 148. 00 * Twelve months without withdrawal r = 100 + 3. 20100 = 103. 20100 = 1. 032 T2 = 50 000 x 1. 0322-1 = 50 000 x 1. 0321 = 51 600. 00 PERIOD BANK A (RM) BANK B (RM) BANK C (RM) MONTHLY RENEWABLE 72 123. 00 71 288. 00 71 288. 00 THREE MONTHS RENEWABLE 56 604. 00 56 384. 80 56 384. 80 hexad MONTHS RENEWABLE 53 251. 20 53 148. 00 53 148. 00 TWELVE MONTHS RENEWABLE 51 625. 00 51 575. 00 51 600. 0 Therefore, I will choose Bank A because the interest of Bank A is high than Bank B and Bank C. PART B (a) The Cooperative of your school plans to provide bolt service to the students of your school. A survey was conducted and it is found out that rental for a photo copy machine is RM 480 per month, cost for a rim of make-up (500 pieces) is RM 10 and the price of a bottle of toner is RM 80 which can be used to photocopy 10 000 pieces of paper. (i) What is the cost to photocopy a piece of paper? Solution by Mathematical Solution Rental for photocopy machine/month = RM 480 live for a rim of paper (500 pieces) = RM 10 Price of a bottle of toner (10 000 pieces) = RM 80 Cost for a photoco py of a piece of paper = RM 80 + RM 480 + 10 000500 RM 1010 000 = RM 0. 076 (ii) If your school co-op can photocopy an average of 10 000 pieces per month and charges a price of 10 cent per piece, calculate the profit which can be obtained by the school cooperative. Solution by Mathematical Method Charge of a piece of photocopy of a paper = RM 0. 10 Cost for a photocopy of a piece of paper = RM 0. 076 Profit obtained = (RM 0. 10 RM 0. 076)(10 000) = RM 240 b) For the year 2013, the cost for photocopying 10 000 pieces of paper increased due to the increase in the price of rental, toner and paper as shown in tabularise below (i) Calculate the percentage increase in photocopying a piece of paper based on the year 2012, using two different methods. Solution METHOD 1 by Mathematical Solution Cost of photocopy of a piece of paper in 2013 = RM 100 + RM 500 + RM24010 000 = RM 0. 084 Percentage increase = 0. 084 0. 0760. 076 x 100% = 10. 5263% METHOD 2 by Price Index Solution I = P1P0x 10 0 ? = IWW Price Index, I Weightage, W Rental 6256 25 Toner 125 5 Paper 120 12 = 625625 + 1255 + 1201225 + 5 + 12 = 25015252 = 111. 17 Percentage increase = RM 0. 076 x 111. 17100 0. 0760. 076 x 100% = 10. 5263% (ii) If the school cooperative relieve charge the same list for photocopying a piece of paper, how many pieces of paper should the cooperative photocopy in order to get the same do of profit? Solution by Quadratic comparability Solution Pieces of paper should cooperative photocopy 0. 1(x) 10 000 (0. 084) = 240 0. 1x 840 = 240 x = 10800. 1 = 10 800 (iii) If the cooperative still maintain to photocopy the same mensuration of paper per month, how much profit can Cooperative obtain?Solution by Mathematical Solution Profit obtained = (RM 0. 10)(10 000) (RM 0. 084)(10 000) = RM 160 PART C The population of the school is increasing. As a result, the school cooperative needs more space for keeping the increasing amount of stock. Therefore the school cooperative plans to exp and the store-room. It is estimated that cost for renovation is RM one hundred fifty 000. Make a hypothesize on which is a come apart way for the school cooperative to pay, whether to pay the whole lump sum in cash or keep the RM 150 000 in a fixed deposit deem at a rate of 6% p. a. n a bank hence borrow the RM 150 000 from a bank and pay for the hire purchase for a period of 10 years with a interest rate of 4. 8% p. a. and withdraw monthly to pay for the hire purchase every extraction of a month. Make a conclusion and give your reason. (You can give your solution in send back form, Excel or graph) Solution by Excel Month engage (%) Total Money (RM) Interest Rate/year (%) Loan/month (RM) Money Left (RM) 1 6. 00 150 000 4. 80 1 850. 00 251 571. 84 2 1 850. 00 249 721. 84 3 1 850. 00 247 871. 84 4 1 850. 00 246 021. 84 5 1 850. 0 244 171. 84 6 1 850. 00 242 321. 84 7 1 850. 00 240 471. 84 8 1 850. 00 238 621. 84 9 1 850. 00 236 771. 84 10 1 850. 00 2 34 921. 84 11 1 850. 00 233 071. 84 12 1 850. 00 231 221. 84 13 6. 00 159 000. 00 4. 80 1 850. 00 229 371. 84 14 1 850. 00 227 521. 84 15 1 850. 00 225 671. 84 16 1 850. 00 223 821. 84 17 1 850. 00 221 971. 84 18 1 850. 00 220 121. 84 19 1 850. 00 218 271. 84 20 1 850. 00 216 421. 84 21 1 850. 00 214 571. 84 22 1 850. 0 212 721. 84 23 1 850. 00 210 871. 84 24 1 850. 00 209 021. 84 25 6. 00 168 540. 00 4. 80 1 850. 00 207 171. 84 26 1 850. 00 205 321. 84 27 1 850. 00 203 471. 84 28 1 850. 00 201 621. 84 29 1 850. 00 199 771. 84 30 1 850. 00 197 921. 84 31 1 850. 00 196 071. 84 32 1 850. 00 194 221. 84 33 1 850. 00 192 371. 84 34 1 850. 00 190 521. 84 35 1 850. 00 188 671. 84 36 1 850. 00 186 821. 84 37 6. 00 178 652. 40 4. 80 1 850. 00 184 971. 84 38 1 850. 00 183 121. 4 39 1 850. 00 181 271. 84 40 1 850. 00 179 421. 84 41 1 850. 00 177 571. 84 42 1 850. 00 175 721. 84 43 1 850. 00 173 871. 84 4 4 1 850. 00 172 021. 84 45 1 850. 00 170 171. 84 46 1 850. 00 168 321. 84 47 1 850. 00 166 471. 84 48 1 850. 00 164 621. 84 49 6. 00 189 371. 54 4. 80 1 850. 00 162 771. 84 50 1 850. 00 160 921. 84 51 1 850. 00 159 071. 84 52 1 850. 00 157 221. 84 53 1 850. 00 155 371. 84 54 1 850. 00 153 521. 84 55 1 850. 00 151 671. 4 56 1 850. 00 149 821. 84 57 1 850. 00 147 971. 84 58 1 850. 00 146 121. 84 59 1 850. 00 144 271. 84 60 1 850. 00 142 421. 84 61 6. 00 200 733. 84 4. 80 1 850. 00 140 571. 84 62 1 850. 00 138 721. 84 63 1 850. 00 136 871. 84 64 1 850. 00 135 021. 84 65 1 850. 00 133 171. 84 66 1 850. 00 131 321. 84 67 1 850. 00 129 471. 84 68 1 850. 00 127 621. 84 69 1 850. 00 125 771. 84 70 1 850. 00 123 921. 84 71 1 850. 00 122 071. 84 72 1 850. 00 120 221. 4 73 6. 00 212 777. 87 4. 80 1 850. 00 118 371. 84 74 1 850. 00 116 521. 84 75 1 850. 00 114 671. 84 76 1 850. 00 112 821. 84 77 1 850. 00 cx 971. 84 78 1 850. 00 109 121. 84 79 1 850. 00 107 271. 84 80 1 850. 00 105 421. 84 81 1 850. 00 103 571. 84 81 1 850. 00 101 721. 84 83 1 850. 00 99 871. 84 84 1 850. 00 98 021. 84 85 6. 00 225 544. 54 4. 80 1 850. 00 96 171. 84 86 1 850. 00 94 321. 84 87 1 850. 00 92 471. 84 88 1 850. 00 90 621. 84 89 1 850. 0 88 771. 84 90 1 850. 00 86 921. 84 91 1 850. 00 85 071. 84 92 1 850. 00 83 221. 84 93 1 850. 00 81 371. 84 94 1 850. 00 79 521. 84 95 1 850. 00 77 671. 84 96 1 850. 00 75 821. 84 97 6. 00 239 077. 21 4. 80 1 850. 00 73 971. 84 98 1 850. 00 72 121. 84 99 1 850. 00 70 271. 84 100 1 850. 00 68 421. 84 101 1 850. 00 66 571. 84 102 1 850. 00 64 721. 84 103 1 850. 00 62 871. 84 104 1 850. 00 61 021. 84 105 1 850. 00 59 171. 84 106 1 850. 0 57 321. 84 107 1 850. 00 55 471. 84 108 1 850. 00 53 621. 84 109 6. 00 253 421. 84 4. 80 1 850. 00 51 771. 84 110 1 850. 00 49 921. 84 111 1 850. 00 48 071. 84 112 1 850. 00 46 221. 84 113 1 850. 00 44 371. 84 114 1 850. 00 42 521. 84 115 1 850. 00 40 671. 84 116 1 850. 00 38 821. 84 117 1 850. 00 36 971. 84 118 1 850. 00 35 121. 84 119 1 850. 00 33 271. 84 120 1 850. 00 31 421. 84 ? Money is still left after the contribute has been paid-out for the period of 10 years.That mean, keeping the RM 150 000 in a fixed deposit account then borrow the RM 150 000 from a bank is better way to expand the store-room. PART D The cooperative of the school also has another amount of RM 50 000. The cooperative plans to keep the money in a bank. The bank offered a compound interest rate of 3. 5% per annum and a simple interest rate of 5% per annum. Explain the meaning of compound interest and simple interest. Suggest a better way of keeping the money in this bank. State a suitable period for keeping the money for each plan. Explain why. Solution y Dictionary (source Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary sixth Edition ) Compound interest * Interest that is paid both on the pilot amount of money salve and on the interest that has been added to it. Simple interest * Interest that is paid only on the original amount of money that you invested, and not on any interest that is earned. Simple interest is suitable for savings in a short period. It is because of its interest is higher than compound interest and it is paid only on the original amount of money that you invested, and not on any interest that is earned.For example, when you keep RM50 000 with an interest of 5% for 2 years, then you will gain RM 5 000 after two years. So the total amount in the bank is RM 55 000 after two years. When one keeps RM 50 000 with the interest of 3. 5 % of compound interest for 2 years, then you will gain RM3 561. 25. So the total amount in the bank is RM 53 561. 25 after two years. Compound interest is suitable for savings in a recollective period. It is because of the original amount of money saved and on the interest that has been added to it. For example, RM50 000 for the plan of 3. 5 % of compound interest plan for 30 years then we will have RM 140 339. 9 in our saving account. except when one keeps RM 50 000 for the plan of 5 % of simple interest for 30 years, then we will only have RM 125 000 in our savings account. Therefore, it is better to save in the compound interest plan account for long-term savings and simple interest for short-term savings. FURTHER EXPLORATION When Ahmad was born, his parents invested an amount of RM 5 000 in the Amanah Saham Bumiputera (ASB) for him. The interest rate offered was 8. 0% p. a. At what age will Ahmad have a saving of RM 50 000, if he keeps the money without withdrawal? Solution by Geometric ProgressionTn = 50 000 r = 100 + 8. 0100 = 1. 08 a = 5 000 Tn = arn-1 Let, Tn 50 000 5 000 (1. 08n-1) 50 000 ? 1. 08n-1 10 log 1. 08n-1 log 10 (n-1) log 1. 08 log 10 n-1 log10log1. 08 n-1 29. 92 n 30. 92 The least value of n is 31, 31 1 = 30. by Excel Terms, Tn Value of saves Age of Ahmad 1 5000 0 2 5400 1 3 5832 2 4 6298. 56 3 5 6802. 4448 4 6 7346. 640384 5 7 7934. 371615 6 8 8569. 121344 7 9 9254. 651051 8 10 9995. 023136 9 11 10794. 62499 10 12 11658. 19499 11 13 12590. 85058 12 14 13598. 11863 13 15 14685. 6812 14 16 15860. 84557 15 17 17129. 71322 16 18 18500. 09027 17 19 19980. 0975 18 20 21578. 5053 19 21 23304. 78572 20 22 25169. 16858 21 23 27182. 70206 22 24 29357. 31823 23 25 31705. 90369 24 26 34242. 37598 25 27 36981. 76606 26 28 39940. 30734 27 29 43135. 53193 28 30 46586. 37449 29 31 50313. 28445 30 ? Ahmad will have a saving of RM 50 000 at the age of 30. CONCLUSION After doing research, answering the questions, plan a table and some problem solving, we saw that usage of index number is important in our everyday business activity.It is not just widely use in the business segment but also in banking skills. We learnt a lot of lesson from this Additional Mathematics Project Work such as banking account skill s, loaning technique, counting the cost of a product, predict the future plans of money and so on. Without this, shopkeeper will get a lot of loses in the business activity. We would like to thanks the one who contribute the idea of index number to help us a lot in our business activity unneurotic in our daily life. REFLECTIONAfter by spending countless hours, days and night to finish this project in this few weeks, there are several things that I want to say Additional Mathematics, The killer subject, But when I study hard, It was so easy to understand Additional Mathematics, You look so interest, So rummy from the other subject, Thats why I like you so much After sacrificing my precious time, timbre and energy for this project, And now, I realized something important from it I really love Additional Mathematics, Additional Mathematics, You are my real friend, You are my family, And you are my life I LOVE ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS THE END

Nature and Importance of the Study Essay

Tri sales Business dusts Corporation, make for almost 30 years already, is a company engaged in the headache of retailing posture equipment. Such equipment range from Photocopying machine, Fax machines, down to smaller ones much(prenominal) as calculators and electronic typewriters. Their main suppliers overwhelm big names in the appliance industry including Sharp Philippines, Copier Online, Epyon Corporation, Panasonic and Sanyo. TBSC is a small to sensitive in size. All in all, the company consist of no more than 50 employees, including the staff and the good deal in the managerial levels. They cater to a number of clients around the Cebu province. TBSC is located in Ramos St., Cebu City.The main lead of sales and stock register schema is to hold the stock-take records accurately and a healthier sales proceedings with their costumers and suppliers. Manual recording is really giving them hard time in going thru however for their business. And because they include big na mes in the appliance industry with a number of clients around the Cebu province, they impoverishment to provide an accurate records of their minutes including their inventory as much as well. They also want to choose a more secure business flow, and for a well-organized inventory and transaction records. To necessary avoid topsy-turvydom when it comes to storing education. They believe that having a healthy system for their company is an different way of showing their professionalism in the business industry.Statement of the ProblemBelow specified are the current problems faced by the Trisales Business System Corporationi) Time consuming legal proceeding and inventory processWithout a system, recording transactions and conducting inventory is one of the most difficult and time-consuming job for their company. Their employees are spending most of his/her time jot down down all transactions for the day. By the end of the month, or whenever the company conducts the inventory of stocks, they have to arrest through a whole pile of files to determine the number of sales from the previous workdays, to match it with the results of the inventory.ii) inexact inventory of stocks and salesTBSC nowadays is still using the manual recording of informations and info for their business. This causes their records in transactions and stocks to be misguided, filed inappropriately and cluttered. As result, there is difficulty in retrieving data, making analysis and making adjustments to the records.iii) unlatched records of data and informationsThe manual system of recording data in TBSC, to be direct to the point, unsecured. Anytime, it may ask lost, edited or faded which is more prone to miscalculations and causing incorrect changes to the records.iv) Stocks outs and excesses of stocks in inventoryShortages in the stock inventory can result in product delays to customers which pull up stakesing reduce their expectations to the company. A misfortunate forecasting i n the inventory is also leading them in excesses of stocks that results in additional costs to the face in storage costs and funds tied up in un utilise stocks. If the company do non use inventory quickly after purchasing, the business will begin to lose notes on the materials just because of their slow and unorganized scheme.Objective of the SystemThe main objective of this study is to determine answers to the questions stated above. We want to know the problems encountered by TBSC employees with regards to their information storing and accessing. Furthermore, we want to demonstrate how the system focuses on those information can be a determinant to improve customer service in Trisales Business Systems Corporation.A proposed solution to the problemi) To achieve a hassle-free, time bounded transactions and inventory process for the employees in-charge. That would change magnitude their time in spending on the process of doing transactions and inventory records. Equals more time for doing other productive tasks and to help create a healthier and more productive environment for TBSC.ii) To determine and to denigrate the errors in recording transaction and informations. Since TBSC is a growing company, the system will not only stores data, alone also does analysis on day to day company transactions.iii) To secured the company important files and records by having a log-in and password boxes as a gatekeeper. Also to pr flusht from editing forms and important data such as dates and amounts. iv) To control excesses of stock and to prevent stock outs. The system will function to update and represent the stocks inventory in the appropriate order to give the precise count of their products to prevent excessing and stock outs in further.Significance of the studyTo the TBSC and CompanyThe planned system implication is to minimize errors and confusion of the employees in recording. significantly to organize and to give accurate records of the inventory and transa ctions, for the company to built-up in the industry. Mostly to give stand and to pay heed the customers wants on further.To the fellow researcherThe significance of this system is to give a natural inner view on how the nature of applied science will help our career along the way. To countenance researchers who has the same field as mine. Theres no easy way of having this study except it would be the best ever pleasure when that almost everyone in a company is using your programmed system.To the proponentsThe significance of this study is to support everyone in the field of technology, and to stretch a bit of my knowledge in this field. This will serves as the proponents guide as they embrace the same field as mine. Importantly to give a healthier deal in the business industry.Scope and LimitationsScope of the projectThe proposed system generally on the sales and stock inventory of the Trisales Business System Corporation. The system purpose is for the regular transactions and routine of their sales and inventory. The proposed system could minimize the problems stumble upon the company records of important data.These are the scope for the proposed systemi) contribute build accountEmployees could have their accounts, especially the person whos in charge with the sales transactions and stocks inventory.ii) Accumulating ProductsThrough the system, adding youthful products for the business is more appropriate. The person in charge would just simply arousal the asked information to the system example product id, product description, date delivered, pieces ect. The inputted information for the new product will be stored in the database, and could also easily access by the system.iii) Can manage sales transactionsThe proposed system can manage sales. For example the client requested for a new office communicate/product from TBSC. The system will simply ask the user to input some important data from the client and the system will automatically store it. The stored data and information can be used for further transactions with the client.LimitationsBelow are the possible limits of the proposed program for Trisales Business System and Corporation adjustment in the system is done only by the administrator or the person in charge. Does not support network and internet topology, or online transactions. Storing of informations is limited, only important and the specified information in the system are allowed Multi-tasking could possibly done, but only for the given system for example Entering data for the new arrived supplies while having the purchasing transaction. Could go through compatibility issues while installing the system. Because of the programmed used in creating the system.Review of connect LiteratureChapter IIThis chapter will be discussing the findings of related research to this study. It will provide a backchat on the significance of this study to the existing literature. Moreover, this chapter will discuss several issues r egarding sales and stock inventory system development and based on theexisting literatures. The following discussion chronicles the subject of inventory systems. notional BackgroundThe theoretical background is the structure that can hold or support a supposition of a research study. The knowledge organization by way of theoretical background has two corrective root Related LiteratureThis chapter represents the review on related literature regarding topic about the sales and Stock Inventory System.Review of Related LiteratureIn exploration, we find new techniques, new knowledge, even develop new substances, gadgets, equipment, processes or procedures, imagination and skill is employed by the researcher. The commodities, new devices, services, in technology are needs of man for a better fuller life which is the concern of the research. These useful humanistic discipline are the products of the technological environment and the end-user is society in general. The fast growing trend and innovation in technologies today prompts researchers to conduct studies about the efficiency of system program. This Chapter presents a brief review of literature and studies, twain local and foreign that is related to these studies.

The Leadership of Prime Ministers Malaysia

THE leaders OF PRIME MINISTERS MALAYSIA Prep atomic number 18d for KRISHNAN A/L NARAYANAN, Tutor of OUM Open University Malaysia Jalan Tun Ismail, 50480 Kuala Lumpur By BONG KEE HONG, Student OUM 381a, Lorong 7a, Jalan Semaba, 93250, Kuching, Sarawak 871019526779001 25 June 2011 TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACTPage 2 1. 0 INTRODUCTION Page 3 2. 0 Tun Dr. Mahathir stash a focussing Mohamad 2. 1 backcloth and CharacteristicPage 4 2. 2 Policies Vision 2020 (Wawasan 2020)Page 5 2. 3 scrap and Objective of Vision 2020Page 6 2. 4 The Effect of Economic and complaisantPage 8 3. 0 Dato Sri haji Mohd Najib store Tun hadji Abdul Razak 3. 1 Background and CharacteristicPage 10 . 2 Policies one Malaysia (1Malaysia)Page 11 3. 3 Aspect and Objective of unrivaled MalaysiaPage 12 3. 5 Focusing of Economic and SocialPage 13 4. 0 Comparisons Advantages of some(prenominal) Policies in iodine DevelopmentPage 14 5. 0 CONCLUSIONPage 15 BIBLIOGRAPHIC Page 16 ABSTRACT This report focus on the policies experience out from our indigenous ministers. Malaysia has been led by six prime of life ministers. Among all of them, the two famous policies was introduce by forrad prime minister Tun Dr. Mahathir lay in Mohamad with Vision 2020 and present prime minister Dato Sri Haji Mohd Najib put in Tun Haji Abdul Razak with One Malaysia.Characteristic of both prime ministers bequeath be discussed. This report forget focus on the clinical of each form _or_ system of government and the repugn to archive the name and address. This report likewise bequeath make comparisons both policy advantage in increase consonance among Malaysians. 1. 0 INTRODUCTION Since year 1957, Malaysia indep prohibitence led by our first prime minister Tunku Abdul Rahman. From our first prime minister until present minister (sixth) Dato Sri Haji Mohd Najib bin Tun Haji Abdul Razak, many policies has been bring out from each prime minister. Each of the policies is to develop our rural to a new era eith er stinting or brotherlyly.For example, present found minister Dato Sri Haji Mohd Najib bin Tun Haji Abdul Razak introduce One Malaysia and forth undercoat Minister Tun Dr. Mahathir bin Mohamad with Vision 2020. Each of the prime ministers has their own ability and leadership characteristic to lead our dry land. 2. 0Tun Dr. Mahathir bin Mohamad 2. 1 Background and Characteristic Tun Dr. Mahathir bin Mohamad born year 1925 in Alor Setar. He did his early and unessential education in his home town. In 1947, he gained admission into the King Edward VII College of Medicine in Singapore. He became active in he United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) in 1946. He enter parliament in 1964 by full general election but lose it on 1969. After Tunku Abdul Rahman resigned, Mahathir re-entered UMNO and parliament, and was promoted to the Cabinet. By 1976, he had risen to De commity top Minister. In 1978, he won the Deputy President situation. In 1981 was sworn in as Prime Minister aft er the resig terra firma of his predecessor, Hussein Onn. Tun Dr. Mahathir bin Mohamad became the fourth Prime Minister of Malaysia on 16 July 1981 and stepped down as Prime Minister on October 31st 2003.He held the post for 22 years from 1981 to 2003, reservation him Malaysias longest serving Prime Minister. His political career spanned al nearly 40 years. As Prime Minister, Mahathir was assign with engineering Malaysias rapid modernization and sparing result, and initiated a series of bold infrastructure projects. Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad opened the uncouth to foreign investment, reformed taxation, reduced trade barriers, the privatization of numerous state-owned enterprise, besides creating a world-class physical infrastructure. He also sought to bridge Malaysias ethnic divides by increasing general prosperity.Mahathirs record of hold back civil liberties and his antagonism to western diplomatic interests and economic policy do his relationships with the likes of the US, Br itain and Australia difficult. As Prime Minister, he was an advocate of third-world development. In 1991, he launched the New Development Policy, which emphasized industrial and technical development and the evacuation of poverty. Under Tun Dr. Mahathirs leadership, Malaysia real into one of the most prosperous and dynamic economies in Southeast Asia. invariably with one eye on the future, Tun Dr.Mahathir Mohamad unveiled Vision 2020 in 1991, a blueprint for Malaysias move around to befitting a developed economy and a mature democracy by the year 2020. 2. 2 Vision 2020 (Wawasan 2020) Vision 2020 or Wawasan 2020 is a Malaysian ideal introduced by the former Prime Minister of Malaysia, Tun Dr. Mahathir bin Mohamad during the tabling of the Sixth Malaysia Plan in 28 February 1991. Prime Minister has presented a paper entitle Malaysia-Melangkah ke Hadapan (Malaysia-Heading Forward) which contains a role model for thinking and a goal to achieve as a developed ground by 2020. The p urpose of this paper is o present forrader you some thoughts on the future melt of our nation and how we should go about to attain our objective of developing Malaysia into an industrialized country. Also outlined are some measures that should be in place in the shorter term so that the foundations erect be move for the long journey towards that ultimate objective. The vision calls for the nation to achieve a self-sufficient industrialized nation by the year 2020, encompasses all aspects of life, from economic prosperity, social well-being, educational world-class, political stability, as well as psychological balance.Vision 2020 is non a specific policy but a reaction to the economic, social and political conditions prevailing at the national and international levels that consume a great challenge to the country. This vision was put forward as a guideline and framework on which approach should be taken in initiating measures for the long journey to be taken by the state. 2. 3 altercate and Objective of Vision 2020 Tun Dr. Mahathir bin Mohamad outlined 9 strategic challenges that Malaysia must overcome before year 2020 to achieve Vision 2020. Challenge 1 Establishing a united Malaysian nation made up of one Bangsa Malaysia * Challenge 2 Creating a psychologically liberated, secure and developed Malaysian edict. * Challenge 3 Fostering and developing a mature democratic society. * Challenge 4 Establishing a fully moral and ethical society. * Challenge 5 Establishing a matured liberal and tolerant society. * Challenge 6 Establishing a scientific and progressive society. * Challenge 7 Establishing a fully caring society. * Challenge 8 Ensuring an economically just society, in which there is a fair and equitable dispersion of the wealth of the nation. Challenge 9 Establishing a prosperous society with an economy that is fully competitive, dynamic, robust and resilient. The first issue generate is formation of union persists (Satu Bangsa Malaysia) in our country. Malaysia is a country contains many diametrical works. A sovereign country cannot classify their comm virtuoso by race, ethnicity or skin color. The formation of union races is the prerequisite to achieve vision 2020 because without the idea of nation in multitude mind, any form of cooperation testament not go forward. The term like national unity, loyalty to country, accord and tolerance must be understood and practiced time by time.Second issue is the countries consider a developed nation term if they can manage to change the pattern of economic from farm to be an industrial life. Vision 2020 requires populate to continue transform since independence because the present achievement is still in the middle of the requirement. The reason of transformation slower because this process involves not only the transformation from farming to industrial life but it also involves changes in technology, economic, social and cultural. The skills and expertise in science and hi gh technology community are classic to developed countries.They not only can copy or convert from others but they must be able to create and update. It is certainly related to the contribution of trade and commercial sectors and directly involves capital, investment, competitiveness, quality of employment, independence and consistency challenges. In this stage, the role of the private sector is enormous because it testament be the main growth. Social and economic rightness also one of the important issue go past in achieving Vision 2020 and the most harder part to united and developed nation.This is because in a developed country should not make believe a big wealth gap between their passel. This vision statement is to work on the issues study concern like socio-economic balance between people, between regions, between states or between urban and rural areas. The passion to achieve this balance was subsequently translated into the national development policy objectives and implemented through and through programs and projects of the Sixth Malaysia Plan. The forth issue are moral and ethics society. The conceit of the developed countries is characterized by a materialistic but our Vision 2020 is to uilt a developed countries style ideally guided by the ism of high morals and ethics based on religious beliefs. High philosophy of moral is important for material advancement because without moral set and ethics get out not create peace and consonance society. Practice of moral value (as in the policy application of Islamic Values) will be the cozy barrier that does not abuse the skills or wealth. Families form the basis of society and society will be the basis of nation-building. This means that the strength and progress of a country started on families and communities.Family and the community will figure out the quality of individuals who are either national or leaders of a country. The socialization encompasses values and the way to desired go als in this vision should be driven from the outset. This requires people to realize the importance of family institutions in developing countries and take necessary steps to create a family and the perfect society. 2. 4 The Effect of Economic and Social Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad was making Malaysia economy grew strongly and the name of country outshine internationally.Throughout his 22 years of leadership Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad who knew as Asia Little Giant by western country leading in Malaysia. During his term as Malaysia Prime minister, he turned Malaysia into a regional high-tech manufacturing, financial, and telecommunications hub through his economic policies based on bodily nationalism, known as the various Malaysia Plans which set out the government middle-term objectives. These policies remained in effect almost to the end of his tenure in office.The example of his projects have included Perwaja Steel, an attempt to emulate South Korea and Japan, the Proton car company, an d Astro, a satellite television service. He is credited with spearheading the phenomenal growth of the Malaysian economy, now one of the largest and most powerful in South East Asia. Growth between 1988 and 1997 averaged over ten percent and beliefedness standards rose twenty-fold, with poverty almost eradicated and social indicators such as literacy levels and infant mortality rates becoming on par with developed countries.During the leader of Mahathir, he done many contribution to our Mayalsia, for example, the North-South Highway, which has cut hold times in half on the west coast of Malaysia the Multimedia Super Corridor Port of Tanjung Pelepas the appear Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA) in Sepang, and an adjacent Formula One circuit the Bakun Dam, meant to supply all of the electricity needs of the East Malaysian states of Sabah and Sarawak Olympic-class stadium in Bukit Jalil and the Petronas Twin Towers, the tallest twin towers in the world, and the worlds talle st building from 1997 to 2003, that have sustain symbolic of modern Malaysia. While such projects have their benefits, corresponding high costs have made some Malaysians reluctant to engage in more of such ventures, believing that the money can be better spent on other areas of development. On the other hand, Mahathir has always argued that such projects chip in a direct return to the economy, apart from just serving the national pride, as government disbursement in turn creates jobs along with other multiplier effects. 3. 0 Dato Sri Haji Mohd Najib bin Tun Haji Abdul Razak 3. 1 BackgroundDato Sri Najib, the eldest son of Malaysia second Prime Minister, Tun Abdul Razak Hussein, was born 23 July 1953 in the district of Kuala Lipis, Pahang. He receive his primary education at St Johns Institution and continued secondary education at the Malvern Boys College, Worcestershire, England. Upon completion of his secondary education, Dato Sri Najib enrolled at the University of Nottingham and graduated in 1974 in industrial economics. Dato Sri Najib joined the national oil company, Petronas, as an before he taking the chances into politics in 1976. Dato Sri Najib win an election with unopposed as Member of sevens at the very young age of 23. Dato Sri Najib was appointed the Deputy Minister of Energy, Telecommunications nd Posts and also served as Deputy Education and Deputy Finance Minister. In the 1982 general elections, he stood in the state seat of Bandar Pekan and was subsequently appointed the Menteri Besar of Pahang until 1986. In 1990, Dato Sri Najib was appointed Defence Minister, a senior position deep down the government by the Prime Minister, Dato Seri Dr Mahathir Mohamad. In 1995, Dato Sri Najib was appointed as Ministry of Education. During the 1999 general elections, Dato Sri Najib received a major majority votes. Following the elections, he was appointed Defence Minister for the second time and preceded with the modernization of the gird Forces wh ich came to a halt following the financial crisis of 1997.In 2004 general elections which came a few months after Dato Sri Najib elevation as the Deputy Prime Minister, him winning his parliamentary seat majority. He remained as Defence Minister until family 2008 when he took over as Finance Minister in 2008 from Dato Seri Abdullah. Prime Minister of Malaysia Dato Sri Mohd Najib was appointed as Malaysias 6th Prime Minister on 3 April 2009 but he still holds the Finance Ministry post. He succeeded Tun Abdullah Ahmad Badawi who did not seek reelection as Umno President. 3. 2 One Malaysia (1Malaysia) The one Malaysia conception comes from Dato Sri Najib Tun Abdul Razak, the sixth Malaysia prime minister.This concept complementary approaches are available for strengthen unity to ensure stability, to progress and higher development of the people and Malaysia. One Malaysia having a slogan People First, Performance Now, this concept fulfils the intakes of Malaysians in line with the tr yst enshrined in the Federal Constitution and National Principles. The slogan People First, Performance Now is a concept in administration that suggests government leaders execute their tasks efficiently, trustworthily and responsibly for the sake of the people. To achieve development for the country, the people must progress first and this begins with creating an attitude of espousal among the different races that will lead to unity.Globalization wills raises many victims insulate from the speed of development. Malaysia having different races and religion, we need to act as one race, Malaysia race towards a same goal to built Malaysia progressive and peaceful. The One Malaysian concept seeks to strengthen relationship and cooperation among racial-ethnic people in this country as the main instrument to thwart the various threats and challenges that aim to threaten and disrupt the sanctity of their lives. One Malaysia emphasize attitudes among people understand races, in which peop le receive a unique race other patch so that we may live in concert in peace mutual consider as citizens of a country.Our foundation is the principle of justice for all races, which means that the fate of all races will be taken care of, and none will be marginalized. Justice must take into enumerate the status of the progress of the generations are at different levels. One Malaysia is the continuation of nation-building agenda. The pre-condition to achieve developed country by Vision 2020, the most important condition is that country citizens united strong and stable. 3. 3 Objective of One Malaysia One Malaysia concept is having 2 main objectives, implementation of core element blend and application of the aspiration values. The first objective implementation of core elements blend, government try to applying elements of unity as a enculturation and practice of all Malaysians.The thrust of this unity is the basic component that strengthens the unity among people of all races. U nity is supported by the core values that should underpin the way Malaysians live. there will be 3 main core unity apply to achieve objective. First, acceptance, one Malaysia emphasize acceptance of the attitude of people of all races, in which a people accepted the uniqueness of the others so that we can live together in mutual respect as a people of one nation. It is a significant join on from just tolerance. Secondly, all races Malaysia learn from the based national principles federal constitution and rukunegara. The last core unity is social justice.All people would be taken care of and no one will be marginalized. This justice must take into account the standards of the races are at different levels. Therefore, government policies and the provisions of the Constitution which gives the defence the needy will continue to be implemented. The three core unity is supported by values. The values are respect, humility, simplicity and being language. The second objective will be ap plication of the aspiration values. These values are founded on the concept of aspiration 1Malaysia there are the values that should be on a progressive and dynamic community that will drive the country towards achieving developed nation status.Aspiration values will help in creating a workforce that is viable and able to compete in the global purlieu and in turn help boost the national economy to a more sturdy and robust. There will be 8 aspiration value, among there are high performance culture, culture accuracy, culture knowledge, integrity, perseverance, loyalty, wisdom and innovation culture. 3. 4 Focusing Economic and Social Our present Prime Minister Dato Sri Haji Mohd Najib since year 2009 has introduce many economic policies among them, the most famous are new economic baby-sit, economic liberalization, reform of government subsidies, free trade agreement and stimulus package.The goal of new economic model was transform Malaysia economic become high income and quality growth by 2020. By 2020 Malaysia will not only have the GNI per capita of a high-income economy, it will also have a number of the key characteristics of a high-income economy. To achieve the goal by 2020, transformation team PEMAMDU try to increase the service sector account from 58% of gross domestic product in 2010 to 65 percent in 2020. The domestic consumption will be a key driver of growth because private sector will account 59% of GDP by 2020 canvas to 54% in 2010. This situation will bring Malaysia as a developed economic country as well as Taiwan and New Zealand.The structure of economic Malaysia will be less dependence on option-intensive industries such as oil and gas exportation. Malaysia will become more urbanized country because the population will increase from 64% to 70% growth in main city, Kuala Lumpur. The achievement prove that our country is in the way to the goal while greater Kuala Lumpur will be a primary engine of economic growth, there will also be growth opportunities elsewhere in the country such as the development of the solar industry in Sarawak, the development of a global biodiversity hub to attract more tourists to Sabah and the commercialization of paddy farming and improvements in palm oil yields.Malaysia will have grown a number of new national and regional champions by 2020. These companies will drive long-term growth in areas including financial services, business services and healthcare. In addition, SMEs will routine a more significant role across the economy. For instance, in education, agriculture and electronics and electrical, SME participation will be actively encouraged through financial support, better access to research and technologies and improving infrastructure. 4. 0 Comparisons Advantages of twain Policies in Unity Development The advantage of One Malaysia is the idea of harmonizing the various races in the country without changing the identity of these groups.The first challenge in vision 2020 establis hing a united Malaysian nation made up of one nation Malaysia. One Malaysia remains the characteristic of each races and unity our nation. Both of the polities is toward to the unity our races but One Malaysia only specified it to remain the specifically of each races. Both of them having advantage compare to the concept of Malaysian Malaysia is a policy that continues to thwart the basis of the existing social structure. Justice proclaim in the concept of Malaysian Malaysia taken blindly. Unity is described by One Malaysia very different from the concept as practiced in other countries where ethnic identity is removed and replaced with a sympathetic national identity.As we know our county contains different ethnic with different culture. Concept One Malaysia press on acceptance that our entire nation should accept others culture and characteristic. The Challenge number 4 in vision 2020 that establishing a fully moral and ethical society. These make sure our society will respect others ethic morally. Both of the policies create peaceful society to unity our nation. Concept 1Malaysia appreciates and view the principles of the Constitution and ruku negara. The ethnic identities of each ethnic group in Malaysia and regard them as assets to be sublime of. But Vision 2020 more on fostering and developing a mature democratic society.This will give vice from each group of ethic to voice out and protect their right. Both of the policies bring unity to our country but just in a different ways. In Vision 2020, the challenge number right ensuring an economically just society, in which there is a fair and equitable distribution of the wealth of the nation. This is the justice more on the economic way to unity our nation. In Concept 1Malaysia also emphasizes the integration and the creation of nation Malaysia on the third core unity concept social justice. Both of the policies is unlike the Malaysian Malaysia is limited to equality regardless of the reality and histo ry of Malaysia. 5. 0 ConclusionAt first glance seem to Vision 2020 is a purely economic vision as it concerned the question of economic development for Malaysia to become an industrialized nation, but if it is actually more refined than that because it touches on matters related to social aspects and ways of life such as the formation and the nature of race, morality and ethics, national culture, human resource development and others. Vision 2020 is not a slogan proclaimed, but it is a framework for action framework of action for every citizen to take measures and ensure that Malaysia become a truly prosperous and progressive. In this background the vision requires a number of important challenges, including the quality of ork produced by the education system, changes in attitudes and values, emphasis on scientific and technological circumstances, planning, and the role of the private sector more dynamic. 1Malaysia concept brings the aspiration to strengthen race relations to ensu re that Malaysians can forge closer unity as outlined. Things should be created in the spirit of solidarity is the sense of mutual respect and trust between people. People need to understand and practice that all actions necessary to satisfy the national interest. All people need to assume that they are Malaysian race where everything should be enjoyed together. Malaysia is a country where there is no society or people who are marginalized from enjoying the development and defense of the government.Indeed, all people should be the underlying fundamental principles of togetherness and belonging to the success of both policies concept. Bibliography Hasnah Hussiin, Dr Seri Lanang Jaya Hj Rohani. (2008). Malaysian Studies. Malaysia Meteor Doc. Sdn. Bhd. Mohamad, T. D. (1996). Wawasan 2020. Retrieved June 15, 2011, from Wawasan 2020 http//www. wawasan2020. com/ N. A. (2008, November 14). Perspektif Wawasan 2020. Retrieved June 15, 2011, from 1 Klik http//pmr. penerangan. gov. my/index. p hp/component/content/article/88-dasar-dasar-negara/255-perspektif-wawasan-2020. html Razak, D. S. (2009). 1 Malaysia. Malaysia Pejabat Perdana Menteri.

Adhd Research Paper (Argumentative Essay)

Over the past couple of decades in that location has been a huge sum up in the diagnosing and prescriptions disposed out for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. fit to a news report d atomic number 53 by USA Today over the past tail fin eld habituate of attention deficit hyperactivity pain medications bugger off machinaten 40% totaling 39. 5 million soul prescriptions ( b atomic number 18-ass findings, 2009). When statistics like this argon betn it is and normal for nigh unmatched to ask questions. hatful argon becoming comic roughly the authenticity of the inconvenience, and whether or non the manipulations being given to psyches ar provide.The controversy attends to be untroubled on both sides of the fence, nevertheless(prenominal) the broad research done on attention deficit disorder leaves it delicate for one to believe that it is a make up disorder. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder or minimal brain dysfunction is a neurobehavioural development disorder diagnosed by a number of symptoms. An oblige by Ayesha Sajid, Maria C. Poor, and David R. Diaz states that the story of minimal brain damage goes back to 1902 when physician Sir George Frederick Sill came up with what he c eached take flight of moral control(58). Dr. Still saw this defect to be something beyond the stickers control.Sajid, Poor, and Diaz go on to talk about the disorders confinesinology qualifys up to 1980 when it was officially know as Attention Deficit Disorder, with or without hyper activity. minimal brain dysfunction has been defined by Russel A. Barkley as a disorder of response inhibition and executive dysfunction leading to deficits in self regulation, impairment in the capacity to organize behavior toward present and future goals, and difficulty adapting socially and behaviorally to environmental demands(Sajid, Poor, and Diaz 58). Subsequently it has been proven that neurotransmitter dopamine fulfills a big role in minimal brain dysfunctions symptoms listed above.It plays a large role in our brains functions including motivation, reward, and punishment. In Sajid, Poor, and Diazs article they discuss treating the deprivation of the neurotransmitter dopamine by using stimulus medications (58). They recognize that comments are dopamine champion which promote the release of stored dopamine(58). Examples of stimulant medications include plainly arent limited to Aderall, Vyvanse, Concerta, and Ritalin. Although stimulants are statistically proven to be the most effective form of discussion it is not the except option.There are several forms of non stimulant medications that are designd for manipulation but not as normally as stimulants. Beyond medications are behavioral therapies which basis be effective in treating minimal brain damage. The USA today article New findings raise questions about use of attention deficit disorder drugs says that at the three socio-economic class mark behavioral th erapies much(prenominal)(prenominal) as parenting and schoolroom behavioral therapies catch up to stimulant medication treatment. Consequently there was no evident engagement in those who received therapies and those who throw away been victorious medications.Results in studies such as these leave m whatever to view about the appropriateness of stimulant medications. Today m any argue about the risk of wide bound effect from stimulant medication use. Why not go to alternative treatment methods such as behavioral therapy? And those even much opposed a great deal deny the existence of hyperkinetic syndrome entirely. To many it is not a disorder, rather a dissolvent of bad parenting, too much sugar, or average the endpoint of an ener substantiateic child. It is halcyon to trip up how these shuttings good deal easily be jumped to. A lack of personal amaze with the disorder is most definitely a bring forth for lack of understanding.Those who father ADHD would be u p to(p) to tell anyone it is not something that is easy to understand. The constant lack of motivation, concentration, and control arent symptoms ADHD victims give the axe control. Working in school mystifys nearly impossible for some with these symptoms and it is not just from laziness. The lack of the neurotransmitter dopamine personal make these move of the brains functions. These symptoms are something caused by a chemical asymmetry rather than by the choice of an individual. Though this is certain the disorder wont get better on its bear.ADHD victims need to do themselves get better, it is a disorder that can be overcome. For many no matter what facts are available ADHD is simply not real. It is easy to understand where people with this point of view are coming from. Starting off with the fact the ADHD doesnt wait to be present in early(a) countries around the world. Childrens psychologist Angela Southall claims that 90% of the worlds Ritalin is being electropositiv e in the get together States (Southhall). So yes ADHD is more prevalent in the United States than anywhere else in the world.This leads many to believe that ADHD is something made up by the United States pharmaceutical industry as some smorgasbord of hoax. This is certainly an course that can be credited even by the oppose point of view. It does seem that pharmaceutical companies are marketing their ADHD medications strategically in the United States to get as many people onboard as possible. On the opposing side of this argument it has little to do with stating whether ADHD is real or not. The ideas of the disorder did in fact come up far out front pharmaceuticals were involved in the treatment. An distinguishable usual opposition to ADHD is the medications used to treat it.People wonder why hyperactive children are being hardened with stimulants. The side effects of stimulant medications seem to not be so positive and dont seem to be acceptable for a child with ADHD. Side effects such as motor tics, insomnia, and loss of appetite are all commonly seen among stimulant medications. Stimulant medications are also known to be broad(prenominal)ly addictive. Their is a dangerous possibility of substance abuse with the medications. People wonder if something causes side effects such as these, there mustiness be some sort of possibility of long term effects from medication use.It is certain that stimulant medications are not something to be messed with. They need to be used appropriately by the right people in order for the treatment to be safe. Probably the most common argument to ADHDs legitimacy is that it is just the way that child behaves. umteen are against putting a labeled disorder on a child or adults contingent behavior. To many a childs behavior is a result of the way they are parented. Kids that are not playacting well in school must have not been parented straightlacedly at home. This is belike the case for some of the children in school but certainly not all.Many parents go above and beyond to fix their childs behavior before even thinking about putting a medical diagnosing on their child. For many parents this is the last thing they would want to do. It is important to understand that ADHD is a daedal disorder that involves a lengthy and broad diagnosing process. Understanding ADHD is not easy and shoots an extensive amount of research to gain an understanding. There are three important features when it comes to the ADHD diagnosis process. Impulsiveness, inattention, and hyperactivity levels are all tested by a checklist of symptoms.An article on ADHD states that their are five split of the diagnosis process. It needs to be understood that all symptoms must be more severe than another(prenominal) individual at a comparable level of development. The five activate of the diagnosis process are labeled parts A through E (Goldstein and Naglieri 860). Part A contains the ofttimes cited 18 symptomatic symptoms Part B requires that symptoms must cause impairment before age 7 C that impairment must be present in devil or more settings D that there is clear evidence of clinically signi? cant impairment in social, academic or occupational function (p. 3) and ? nally, E requires that symptoms should not occur exclusively during the course of other conditions or be better carded for by other mental disorders. As you can see a process such as this makes it difficult when severe to clearly identify whether an individual has ADHD or not (Goldstein and Naglieri 860). Taking a look at ADHDs 18 diagnostic symptoms is a good way to understand they way ADHD effects a certain individual. The American Psychiatric Association lists the following symptoms to be part of the inattention category of ADHD.Failing to hand close attention to detail or make careless mistakes in schoolwork, difficulty sustaining attention in tasks or play activities, not listening when spoken to directly, often does not follow th rough on instructions and fails to finish multiply types of work, difficulty organizing tasks and activities, often avoids or is reluctant to engage in tasks that require sustained mental effort, often loses things prerequisite for tasks or activities, often easily distracted by overbold stimuli, and is often forgetful in daily activities (124).These symptoms are used to classify what is considered inattentive ADHD commonly known as ADD. The American Psychiatric Association refers to two more categories of symptoms regarding ADHD. The Hyperactivity category includes symptoms such as often fidgeting with hands or feet, Often leaves seat in classroom or in other spots in which remaining seated is expected, Often runs about or climbs excessively in inappropriate situations, often talks excessively, often has difficulty playing or engaging in leisure activities quietly (124).The side by side(p) category of symptoms developed by the APA regard impulsiveness. These symptoms include oft en blurting out answers before questions have been completed, often has difficulty awaiting turn, and often interrupts or intrudes on others (124). These two categories are used to classify two incompatible types of ADHD. One being combined ADHD which requires that symptoms from the inattention and hyperactivity categories be present. The other type is hyperactive-impulsive ADHD which requires that symptoms from hyperactivity and impulsiveness are present.For an individual to be diagnosed with ADHD they must not only suffer from a range of symptoms but also fulfill parts B through E of the diagnosis process. The second four parts of the diagnosis are what sepa place those with ADHD and an individual that would be labeled as lazy. ADHD is developed in adolescence. This is a big factor in separating those with ADHD, and say college students who trying to receive an Aderall or Ritialin prescription to help get their work done. When being diagnosed it would be hard for a doctor to real ly tell if the individual had suffered from the symptoms at an early age or not.People of this age being diagnosed results in people questioning the legitimacy of ADHD. It needs to be understood that ADHD symptoms are something that an individual must have dealt with nearly their only lives. Part C of the diagnosis process states that the symptoms must be present in two or more settings. When a child isnt performing well in school, and matches ADHD symptoms there is not comme il faut evidence to diagnose that child with the disorder. Symptoms must be seen in other aspects of the individuals life such as on a little league sports team or at home.This makes it clear that the person rattling has worrys with the control of their actions. Similar symptoms in multiple environments make it clear that someone is actually having problems with ADHD, rather than just school itself. One of the most key parts of the diagnosis process would probably be part D. For and Individual to actually h ave ADHD the symptoms must be boldnessy. Symptoms are usually declared significant by being compared to by another individual at the like level of development. For example some childrens hyperactive behavioral actions could be explained by simply being a child.Children have a administrate of energy and enjoy to play. A child who actually has ADHD would have energy levels much higher(prenominal) than those in the rest of the class. They would appear to be much more restless and inattentive than almost all of the individuals in their class. This is the part of the diagnosis process that really separates the real cases from the fakes. People often over magnify symptoms in order to be diagnosed with ADHD. The final part of the diagnosis process part E is what declares that a child officially has ADHD.This part of the diagnosis process is what makes sure that a child isnt being misdiagnosed with ADHD. It is necessary to make sure an individuals ADHD is not being misinterpreted for a nother mental disorder. This is where it is important that a full ground check of the individual is taken into account. It is important that every little detail of the individuals write up is taken in order to avoid a false diagnosis. Usually the patients genetic background ordaining be looked at to see if any other mental disorders are seen in that patients genetic history.The patients background check is also an important part selecting the proper treatment. As discussed briefly earlier ADHD stimulants play a big role in the ADHD controversy. It is known that stimulant medications are the most common approach to treating ADHD. An article Overview of ADHD make this claim about the intensity level of Stimulant medications, With reported 65% to 75% clinical improvement in double-blinded placebo controlled trials in both children and adults, they are considered as first-line therapy (Sajid, Poor, Diaz 58).With statistics like this the effectiveness of stimulants cannot be questio ned. Sajid, Poor, and Diaz claim that stimulants are the best researched form of treatment (58). They continue to talk about the options of each long acting or short acting stimulate formulations that contain methlyphenidate (58). Methylphenidate is what promotes the release of stored dopamine into the brain and selectively promotes the release of newly synthesized dopamine into the brain. By understanding this it is easy for one to see that dopamine certainly plays a role in ADHD.If sufferers of ADHD didnt have some sort of imbalance of dopamine levels why would the medication be so efficient. This certainly rules out certain aspects of the opposing sides argument on ADHD. For one this shows that ADHD is not simply a disorder of laziness, bad parenting, or lack of control. The severity and uncontrollableness of the individuals behavior can be further explained by something other than crusade. The symptoms are for certain a result of an individuals dopamine levels present in their brain. Through this information one can see that the use of stimulant medications to treat ADHD are appropriate.Unfortunately there is a lot more to the argument for this conclusion to be made. A series of questions are brought up by the opposing view even by and by seeing information akin(predicate) to what has been presented. Opposers commonly like to question the augment in the prescription of stimulant medications since their origin. Research done by the Commission for Scientific Medicine and Mental health shows a 700% increase in the use of stimulant medications since the 1990s (Lefever, Arcona, and Antonuccio). There is a lot to be said about this increase, as it explains a lot of ADHDs history.A book titled Minimal Brain Dysfunction in Children helps us run along the use of stimulant medications to treat ADHD like disorders back to 1960 (Wender et al. 10). The period of 30 years from 1960 to 1990 was more than enough time for people to start actually hearing about ADHD. We can assume that since 1960 the customary public in america has gained a much better understanding of the disorder. For people to be skeptics of the disorder and its treatment methods upon their initial discovery is something easy to understand.Once research of the disorder and its medications were made available to the public wake proper information about the disorder it would likely become more acceptable. Although the timing of an increase in the disorders popularity can be explained, the tremendous increase and constantly growing numbers may still seem a mystery to many. These growing numbers can be explained by a few different things. To start the growing popularity of the disorder has made it seem more acceptable to have. Parents of children and adults themselves arent hesitating to be diagnosed and treated for ADHD.This factor by itself can explain an increase in diagnosis since 1990, although something as simple as this doesnt fully explain the 700% increase statistic we have seen (Lefever, Arcona, and Antonuccio). A major part of the problem linking to ADHDs overwhelming increase in acceptance is misdiagnosis and even an entirely false diagnosis. Due to the competitive nature of humans, parents are aspect to have their child diagnosed to receive advantages in school. Students who have disabilities are allowed extra time on tests and given other advantages to make up for their disorder.This has parents headed to the doctor to give false accusations about the severity of their childs ADHD symptoms. A statistic given in a Medical News Today article states that 46. 7% of the children diagnosed with ADHD only displayed mild symptoms, compared to the 13. 8% that actually suffered from severe symptoms. This statistic provides evidence that a majority of the ADHD diagnosis are made on children who dont display significant problems with their symptoms. As a result of this we can conclude that due to the significance level of symptoms being 46. % of the A DHD diagnosed population, that a majority of this population doesnt actually have ADHD harmonize to the diagnosis process. The problem of ADHD over diagnosis can be solved through its definition. write David Antonuccio claims in an article that part of the ADHD definition is statistical rarity limiting only a certain amount of the population to have the disorder. He goes on to say that the ADHD prevalence foretell was set at 3% to 5% (Antonuccio). Having this statistic in the definition certainly verifies that increasing false diagnosis of ADHD is certainly becoming more common in The United States.Another article from The Washington dribble written by Steven Weinberg shares a statistic that claims 9% of children in America have ADHD. This goes 4% above the prevalence estimate of 3% to 5% when describing ADHDs statistical rarity. This helps us realize that the leniency, broadness, and lack of control over the diagnosis process is what is causing the tremendous diagnosis increase seen in the disorder. Having this information displayed makes it clear how misconceptions about the legitimacy of ADHD are created. People having seen this huge increase in diagnosis and treatment is what makes them question the disorder.Now having seen how ADHD diagnosis has become increasingly popular we can conclude that it has nothing to do with the validity of the disorder. This problem belongs to the people of The United States rather than the ADHD comm unit of measurementy. It is important when looking at the truthfulness of ADHD to look at the definition of the term rather than the cultural problems it has ruttish. The problem of false and misdiagnosis are not the only things that raise questions about ADHD. People seem to think there is only a presence of ADHD in The United States.While it is true that ADHD rates are much higher in The United States, it is certainly not the only countrified in the world who is involved with the disorder. A newspaper article put out by Th e Times in the United Kingdom shows that they are dealing with problems similar to those in The United States. The article goes over statistics that display tremendous increases in stimulant medication prescriptions in several different parts of the UK. In a similar article it is stated that in the country Scotland prescriptions increased from 4,000 in 1996 to 72,000 in 2009 (Smith 8).Followed by this he says The Scottish Government yesterday said the rise was down to better chanceion of ADHD, a result of wider knowledge of the condition among health workers(Smith 8). After taking a look at what is going on in the UK, its safe to say they are undergoing the same process The United States did years ago. The lack of knowledge about ADHD in previous years is what kept ADHD diagnosis so low in certain countries until more recent years. This helps us clear up the misconception that ADHD is something that only exists in The United States.Countries all over the world are continuously seei ng large increases in diagnosis rates of ADHD. The reason the rates arent as high as The United States is simply because the disorder is something new to these countries. Now it should be safe to say that ADHD is in fact a real disorder. With todays technologies resulting in new discoveries on the brains functions and the disorders acceptance present in the worlds developed countries make it difficult for any individual to deny this fact. Although the controversy of ADHDs legitimacy has been made clear, the argument does not end here.In close relation to the over diagnosis controversy, a similar controversy is aroused by ADHDs stimulant medications. Stimulant medications have aroused a whole new controversy of their own in the medical world today. It is common to see an individual reject the use of stimulant medications because of the several(a) negative side effects that come with their use. The question of long term effects being caused by stimulant medications is being seen more often among users themselves, and anyone else involved in the argument over ADHD.A study shown in the Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services holds the answers to these questions. In order to gain an understanding of stimulant medications it is necessary that a brief summary of this study is given. A table titled Effects of long-run Stimulant Therapy on Safety Outcomes in Children With ADHD states the following information regarding side effects of stimulants intercession was well tolerated, 7. 6% of patients discontinued treatment. Minimal effects on weight and heigh were seen. Small if any changes in blood pressure or heart rate. Headaches were seen in 3% of patients, insomnia in 19. % of patients, decreased appetite in 18. 7%, abdominal pain in 11. 1%, and tics in 9. 4% of the patients (Wilens, Donner, Michaels, Ambrosini, Biederman, and Lerner). As you can see questionable side effects are seen with the use of stimulant medications. There is a possibility t o have trouble sleeping, have problems with abdominal pain, a decreased appetite, and suffer from tics. This study was done over a two year period so it insures that most side effects caused by stimulants were seen in this study. In the two years of this study nothing was discovered that wasnt know before.With the long term use if stimulants you will most likely suffer from a few negative side effects. ADHD patients involved in stimulant treatment would be able to tell you the side effects may not seem pleasant, but can be overcome by proper use of the stimulant. To begin stimulant medications must be taken early in the morning to avoid possible insomnia. For extended release stimulants the effects last anywhere from 12-18 hours. Taking your medication early in the morning gives time for the medications effects to bump off. It is also important that an individual under treatment makes the effort to eat.Stimulant medications decrease appetite not allowing an individual to realize th eir hunger. Although one may not feel hungry, it is important to eat healthy foods for every repast of the day. Not eating due to stimulant treatment can become a problem and result in serious weight loss. It is important that a few more things are taken into account when being treated with stimulant medications. Before treatment even starts it is important that the proper prescription be given. The article Overview of ADHD gives this information on stimulant treatment, Before prescribing any medication, a full history should be taken.In the case of stimulants, it is especially important to check for a personal or family history of heart conditions and arrhythmias. Of Course, a complete physical examination is also required with referral to a cardiologist if indicated from information in the history (Sajid, Poor, Diaz 58). Once heart Conditions are ruled out it is safe to say that with a proper ADHD diagnosis stimulant treatment is appropriate. Parents may want to monitor their chil dren carefully once treatment begins. It is important to watch the way one reacts to the medications to make sure none of the side effects cause serious harm.Weight and height should be monitored carefully. In the instance of significant weight or height change treatment should be discontinued. Stimulant medications hold another ascribe that give users one more reason to take caution. Stimulant medications are proven to be addictive when the user disregards their prescribed amount. It needs to be understood that in no case should an individual exceed their recommended dose. This is considered abuse of stimulant medications and can result in serious problems. An article regarding the misuse and abuse of stimulant medications gives a list of symptoms that help detect misuse or abuse.Users themselves and parents of adolescent users should look for behavioral changes, problems in school or work, change in activities and friends, heightened attention, long periods of sleeplessness, not eating, secrecy and isolation, fatigue, depression, racing heart, confusion and delusion, aggressiveness, irritability, mood swings, weight loss, and dilated pupils (McCarthy). These symptoms will all become apparent when dealing with one that abuses their prescription. The possibility of addiction among stimulant users does in fact exist.This addictive attribute can be disregarded given that the prescription is used as directed by his or her physician. Through the series of information given on the effects of stimulants it can be said that theyre appropriate as long as the individual being treated takes the necessary precautions. They are effective in treating those with ADHD, and are the answer to the problem for many. For some individuals stimulant medications may not be the right treatment. In this case there are many other options of treatments and therapies that are appropriate for treating those with ADHD.In fact the effectiveness of behavioral therapies among those with ADHD has aroused another controversy regarding stimulant medications. This relatively new controversy is brought up in the USA Today article New findings raise questions about use of ADHD drugs. A citation from the article regarding studies on behavioral therapies says, It now reports the advantage is gone by the three-year mark. By the six and eight-year mark, crosswise 30 measures of behavior and academics, the children still being given medication by their parents fared no better than their non-medicated counterparts (2009).This paraphrase is referring to behavioral therapys ability to catch up to the effectiveness of stimulant medications after a three year period. This causes many to question the use of stimulant medications. It wouldnt make sense to pump your child full of amphetamines when you can gain the same results by behavioral therapy. Refuting the previous argument three years is a long time. As Stimulants are instantly effective many individuals are looking for instant results. Although reaching a conclusion on this argument isnt possible, combined treatment methods completely erase the idea of the argument.If both forms of treatment are seen to be equally effective, why not use them both. With the instant effectiveness of stimulants and the long term effectiveness of behavioral therapies, a whole new therapy can be created that is twice as effective. ADHD patients on stimulants would be more susceptible to participating in behavioral therapies. Thus the therapies process would go much quicker producing positive results in half the time. Combined therapy is the ultimate way for any ADHD victim to overcome their problem.Through all of the information that has been given in this argument two final conclusions have been reached. The first conclusion was that ADHD is in fact a real disorder. The second conclusion would be that among individuals that qualify for their use, stimulant medications are an appropriate method of treatment. After seeing long term studies on the safety of their use and studies on their overall effectiveness it is safe to make this conclusion. As ADHD is one of the most researched disorders in medicine it is only normal for a large portion of information to be left out this argument.The large amount of information that has been left out of this argument makes it natural for objections to be made. For some the evidence presented isnt enough to acknowledge the truth of the conclusions that have been reached. This is completely understandable among those who are hard apposed to the argument. It is possible that there is information available that opposes the view that was presented. Chances are that information would be much less credible than what was presented, but it is important to recognize possible objections before the argument is complete.It is only normal for any individual to hold personal beliefs. Individuals opposed to the argument may have their own beliefs that disregard the facts that have b een presented. For example an individual that is heavily opposed stimulant medication use would object to the conclusion reached on behavioral therapies. To certain individuals behavioral therapy is better option than the combination of stimulants with therapy. Their personal belief being stimulants are an inappropriate method of treatment leaves the effective option of behavioral therapy to be the better choice of treatment.In this situation credit can be given to this objection, but the facts available dont give it as much sign as the original conclusion. There are certainly objections to the argument that can be based on fact. The position stated on the presence of ADHD in other countries will be objected by many opposers of the argument. Even after seeing the factual evidence that ADHD popularity is on the rise in other countries, many would argue that the presence in other countries is only a fraction of what is seen in The United States.This statement may seem to be the basis of a strong argument but is counteracted by other factors. When the numbers are measured in individuals the countries population needs to be taken into account. The US has a much larger population than most countries causing individuals as a unit of measure to be much higher. When a percentage is created by dividing the amount of individuals by the countries population much more accurate results becomes available. When looking at ADHD rates in units of percentage similar rates are seen among the worlds developed countries.The most expected objection to the given position would be regarding stimulant medications. Although the results of the two year study regarding the safety of stimulant medication use displayed no significant danger in use, opposers remain pessimistic. To many the evidence provided by a two year study isnt enough. It is strongly believed by many that the long term use of stimulants will eventually negatively impact health. This objection is hard to argue due to th e fact that we are not able to look into the future. Negative health effects from long term use of stimulant medications is certainly a possibility.Looking back on the fact that ADHD and its treatments are among the best researched ideas in medicine gives hope that any long term health effects would have by now been recognized. Now that all of the possible flaws on the presented position have been reviewed it can now be said that the conclusions reached are justified. ADHD is in fact a real disorder, and the use of stimulant medications for treatment are appropriate. ADHD is a disorder that should be accepted and understood by society. It is a mental disorder that results in significant behavioral and social problems in an individuals life. The disorder is omplex and causes changes in the brains functions causing a series of symptoms to occur. Society needs to realize that disregarding ADHDs legitimacy is offensive to those who suffer from it. It is crucial for members of society to regard that use of medications for treatment is the only way for some individuals to overcome these symptoms. qualifying on knowledge of ADHD is important to the future of the disorder on those who suffer from it. Regardless of any personal beliefs it is important to respect the beliefs of other. The controversy over the disorder needs to come to an end, and the fact that ADHD is real needs to be recognized.